Cooper, modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques prentice hall, 1994. Electrical measuring instruments are devices used to measure electrical quantities such as electric current, voltage, resistance, electrical power and energy. Stop watches are also used to measure time in some sports. Read measurement instrument articles about photoelastic modulators, polarimeters, and exicor based products and applications. Multimeter measures range of currents and voltages for both direct current and alternating current and also resistances. Sawhney and puneet sawhney, is a comprehensive course book for engineering students. Pdf development of an instrument the colt to measure. This instrument generates high and low logic states to test digital circuits. The instruments, which are used to measure any quantity are known as measuring instruments. Modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques. These are all available for download in pdf form from the course web page. Measurement, dynamic characteristicsspeed of response, fidelity, lag and dynamic error, dc voltmeters, ammeters multirange, range extension, ac voltmetersmultirange, range extension,shunt. Modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques helfrick, albert d. Electronic instrumentselectronic voltmeter, vtvm transistor voltmeter, electronic multimeter, cro s study of various stages in brief, measurement of voltage, current phase and frequency, special purpose oscilloscope, measurement of resistance, inductance, capacitance using kelvin s maxwell s and schering bridge.
Voltage, current, and resistance measuring instruments scott stever. Measuring instruments the device used for comparing the unknown quantity with the unit of measurement or standard quantity is called a measuring instrument. List of electrical and electronic measuring equipment wikipedia. Beginning with the units, dimensions and standard, this book discusses the measurement and measurement errors.
Today, the usual measuring instruments for time are clocks and watches. One of the first requirements in this calibration procedure is that a suitable, stable dc supply be available, since any variation in the supply voltage causes a corresponding change in the voltmeter calibration voltage. Here we are interested in electrical measuring instruments so we will discuss about them in detail. Linear birefringence measurement instrument using two photoelastic modulators b. For highly accurate measurement of time an atomic clock is used. It is a combination meter that is capable of measuring, resistance, voltage ac and dc and. Classification, absolute and secondary instruments, indicating instruments, control, balancing and damping, constructional details, characteristics, errors in measurement, ammeters, voltmeters. A course in electrical and electronic measurements and. The course will integrate demonstrations and laboratory. Popular with manufacturing and service professionals alike, the most versatile test instrument is the multimeter, combining measurement of ac and dc voltage, resistance ohms, and current amperes. Electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques book. An instrument based 011 the twin t null circuit can be made selfcalibrating at a given. Electrodynamic, thermocouple electrostatic and rectifier type ammeters and voltmeters, electrodynamic wattmeter, three phase. Electrical and electronics measurements and instrumentation.
Measurement systems, units, and standards chapter 2. List of electrical and electronic measuring equipment. Methods of electronic measurements were invented and developed simultaneously with the. The smallest change in a measured variable to which an instrument will respond. The static characteristics of an instrument are, in general, considered for instruments which are used to measure an unvarying process condition. Eee 432 measurement and instrumentation lecture 1 fundamentals of measurement prof. Electrical measurements and measuring instruments u. Modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques details category. Effective resistance at high frequency, r meter, lcr meter. A course in electrical and electronic measurements and instrumentation, authored by a. Electrodynamic, thermocouple electrostatic and rectifier type ammeters and voltmeters, electrodynamic wattmeter, three phase wattmeter.
Run vxi resource managerruns vxi resource manager resman for the selected vxi system. Propertiesdisplays properties of the selected vxi system. Fundamentalsofinstrumentationandmeasurement yidnekachew. Mar 15, 2020 basically there are three types of measuring instruments and they are.
The comprehensive directory provides access to full contact and ability information for sourcing professionals, engineers and researchers wishing to get information on instruments. Expected value the design value or the most probable value that expect to obtain. Although the concept of weights and measures today. Merits uniform scale for the instrument power consumption is very low a single instrument can be used for different current and voltage ranges the toqueweight ratio is high gives higher accuracy. Measures the resistance of a component oscilloscope. Processing of the analogue measurement signals 121 4.
Measurements and instrumentation courseware national. A selfcalibrating instrument for measuring conductance at radio. Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments that are used for indicating. Users manual for standard temppoint, voltpoint, and. Aug 25, 2014 merits uniform scale for the instrument power consumption is very low a single instrument can be used for different current and voltage ranges the toqueweight ratio is high gives higher accuracy. Electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques by albert d. Below is the list of measuring instruments used in electrical and electronic work. Course description the course is designed to provide a practical introduction to electronics with a focus on measurement and signals. Engineering modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques material type book language english title modern electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques authors albert d. For the instrument to perform the desired function, it may be necessary to.
In its most simple form the meter measures the amount of time it takes from one positive going pulse to the next positive going pulse, and the result is displayed as a number of cycles per second or hertz. This is electronic measurements and instrumentation pdf. General purpose instrument measures voltage, current and resistance and sometimes other quantities as well network analyzer. Cooper and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Although the guide is written primarily for nmhss, many other organizations and research. A literature search resulted in some instruments to measure.
Methods of measurement, measurement system, classification of instrument system, characteristic of instrument and measurement system, errors in measurement and its analysis, standards. Resolution the smallest change in a measurement variable to which an instrument will respond. Then, it goes on to discuss electronics equipment,measurements of low resistence and a. Displays waveform of a signal, allows measurement of frequency, timing, peak excursion, offset. Measurement measurement also called metrology is the science of determining values of physical variables. To accurately model our systems, we must take nonidealities into account. The book is divided into two parts that explain the topics measurements and instrumentation. Electrical field, e, is the negative of the gradient in electrical potential, i. In the past, a common time measuring instrument was the sundial. Electromechanical ammeters, voltmeters, and ohmmeters chapter 5. Pdf conceptions of medical teachers regarding learning and teaching affect their. Usually compact, batterypowered, and portable, two types of multimeter are widely available. Electronicsmeasuring instruments wikibooks, open books. The multimeter is the most common electronic instrumentation in use.
If a logic probe is not available a square wave through a signal generator can be used. Demerits this instrument can be used only on dc supply the cost of the instrument is more than m. Measurement system any of the systems used in the process of associating numbers with physical quantities and phenomena. Moreover,the book deals with the cathode ray oscilloscopes. Search hundreds of resources for measurements and instrumentation homework problems, lab exercises, example programs, and tutorials. Electronic instrumentation and measurement techniques by. Measurement of instantaneous values of more than quantities u, i, p, q, s, pf, pa, f. Level sight glass and adjustable feet for perfect level measurement weight. All the static performance characteristics are obtained by one form or another of a process called calibration. This tutorial covers mainly the electronic instruments, which are useful for measuring either electrical quantities or parameters following are the most commonly used electronic instruments.
Below are some examples of how the instruments themselves change our measurements. The only prerequisites are courses in differential equations, as well as electricity and magnetism. Further,it describes various instrument calibration. Guide to meteorological instruments and methods of observation. Both signal generation signal generators, power supplies and signal measurement multimeters, scopes instruments are nonideal. Precision a measure of consistency or repeatability of measurement, i. Digital voltmeters, multimeters, and frequency meters. The instrument is used for monitoring, measuring and recording measurements of electric quantities of electrical power distribution system.
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